IUCN Red List: EN

Endangered Species

Very high risk of extinction in the wild. Showing 31 species currently cataloged under this conservation tier.

EXExtinct EWExtinct in the Wild NENot Evaluated CRCritically Endangered ENEndangered VUVulnerable NTNear Threatened LCLeast Concern DDData Deficient CDConservation Dependent

MammaliaEN

African Bush Elephant

Loxodonta africana

Diet: Herbivore; grazes and browses
Wild lifespan: Several decades; some approach 60–70 years

AvesEN

African Grey Parrot

Psittacus erithacus

Diet: Frugivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is incompletely known; one compiled estimate is about 22.7 years

MammaliaEN

African Wild Dog

Lycaon pictus

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often about 10–11 years in the wild

MammaliaEN

Amazon River Dolphin

Inia geoffrensis

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is uncertain; estimates commonly extend into the third decade

MammaliaEN

Bengal Tiger

Panthera tigris tigris

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years; survival varies

MammaliaEN

Blue Whale

Balaenoptera musculus

Diet: Baleen-filtering carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often estimated at 70–90 years; some live longer

MammaliaEN

Dhole

Cuon alpinus

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Estimated about 8–10 years in the wild; up to roughly 15–16 years in managed care

MammaliaEN

Ethiopian Wolf

Canis simensis

Diet: Carnivore, mainly rodent specialist
Wild lifespan: Often eight to ten years in the wild

MammaliaEN

European Rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Diet: Herbivore and hindgut fermenter
Wild lifespan: Many wild rabbits die in the first year; survivors may live several years

ChondrichthyesEN

Giant Oceanic Manta Ray

Mobula birostris

Diet: Filter-feeding carnivore
Wild lifespan: At least 40–45 years is plausible; exact maximum remains uncertain

AmphibiaEN

Golden Poison Frog

Phyllobates terribilis

Diet: Insectivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is not well quantified; managed frogs may live more than 10 years

ReptiliaEN

Green Sea Turtle

Chelonia mydas

Diet: Adults mainly herbivorous; juveniles more omnivorous
Wild lifespan: Likely 60–80 years or more

ReptiliaEN

Komodo Dragon

Varanus komodoensis

Diet: Carnivore and scavenger
Wild lifespan: Often estimated at 20–30 years

ReptiliaEN

Mexican Alligator Lizard

Abronia graminea

Diet: Arboreal predator of invertebrates and small animals
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly known; managed individuals may live more than a decade

MammaliaEN

Mountain Gorilla

Gorilla beringei beringei

Diet: Primarily herbivorous
Wild lifespan: Often 35–40 years in the wild

MammaliaEN

Numbat

Myrmecobius fasciatus

Diet: Specialist insectivore dominated by termites
Wild lifespan: Typically around 4–5 years in the wild; longer in managed care

MammaliaEN

Okapi

Okapia johnstoni

Diet: Herbivorous forest browser
Wild lifespan: Often around 15–20 years; can exceed 25 in managed care

MammaliaEN

Pygmy Hippopotamus

Choeropsis liberiensis

Diet: Herbivorous browser and fallen-fruit feeder
Wild lifespan: Often 25–35 years in managed care; wild longevity is poorly measured

InsectaEN

Queen Alexandra's Birdwing

Ornithoptera alexandrae

Diet: Herbivore as a larva and nectar feeder as an adult
Wild lifespan: The adult stage lasts only weeks to a few months; the complete life cycle is longer and varies with conditions

MammaliaEN

Red Panda

Ailurus fulgens

Diet: Bamboo specialist with an opportunistic omnivorous diet
Wild lifespan: Commonly 8–10 years in the wild; individuals in managed care can exceed 20 years

MammaliaEN

Ring-Tailed Lemur

Lemur catta

Diet: Opportunistic omnivore dominated by plant foods
Wild lifespan: Wild median or typical survival is often around 15–16 years, with substantial individual variation

MammaliaEN

Sea Otter

Enhydra lutris

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Females may live 15–20 years; males often 10–15 years

AvesEN

Secretary Bird

Sagittarius serpentarius

Diet: Carnivorous raptor
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly documented; managed birds may live around 15–20 years

MammaliaEN

Tasmanian Devil

Sarcophilus harrisii

Diet: Carnivorous scavenger and opportunistic predator
Wild lifespan: Usually about 5–6 years in the wild, with some older individuals

MammaliaEN

Utah Prairie Dog

Cynomys parvidens

Diet: Primarily herbivore
Wild lifespan: Wild survival is variable; many juveniles die in their first year while some adults live several years

MammaliaEN

Volcano Rabbit

Romerolagus diazi

Diet: Specialist herbivore
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is poorly documented; several years are possible under managed care

ChondrichthyesEN

Whale Shark

Rhincodon typus

Diet: Filter-feeding carnivore
Wild lifespan: Estimated at many decades, possibly 80 years or more; exact longevity remains uncertain

ReptiliaEN

Wood Turtle

Glyptemys insculpta

Diet: Opportunistic omnivore
Wild lifespan: Often exceeds 40–50 years; may reach about 60 years

AvesEN

Yellow-eyed Penguin

Megadyptes antipodes

Diet: Marine carnivore specializing in fish and cephalopods
Wild lifespan: Average survival is much shorter, but some individuals live 20–25 years

MammaliaEN

Zanzibar Red Colobus

Piliocolobus kirkii

Diet: Leaf specialist with unripe fruit, seeds and flowers
Wild lifespan: Not precisely known; comparable red colobus can live two decades or more

ChondrichthyesEN

Zebra Shark

Stegostoma tigrinum

Diet: Nocturnal carnivore specializing in bottom-dwelling invertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often estimated at 25–30 years, with precise wild longevity still uncertain