Ecological Biome & Habitat

🌾 Savannas & Grasslands Wildlife (Plains & Prairies)

Vast grasslands, open African savannas, prairies, and steppes shaped by seasonal herbivore migrations. Showing 112 cataloged species thriving in this biome.

🌴Rainforest 🌊Ocean & Reefs 🌾Savannas & Grasslands 🏜️Deserts & Arid Lands ❄️Polar & Tundra 🛶Wetlands & Rivers

MammaliaLC

Aardwolf

Proteles cristata

Diet: Obligate insectivore specialized on termites
Wild lifespan: Wild average is poorly measured; captive individuals have approached 20 years

MammaliaEN

African Bush Elephant

Loxodonta africana

Diet: Herbivore; grazes and browses
Wild lifespan: Several decades; some approach 60–70 years

ReptiliaLC

African Fat-Tailed Gecko

Hemitheconyx caudicinctus

Diet: Insectivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years in responsible captive care; wild longevity is poorly measured

AvesEN

African Grey Parrot

Psittacus erithacus

Diet: Frugivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is incompletely known; one compiled estimate is about 22.7 years

MammaliaVU

African Lion

Panthera leo

Diet: Obligate carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–16 years; males commonly shorter-lived

SarcopterygiiAnimal group

African Lungfish

Protopterus

Diet: Aquatic carnivore and omnivore
Wild lifespan: Can live for decades under managed care

MammaliaCR

African Wild Ass

Equus africanus

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Often 20 years or more under favorable conditions

MammaliaEN

African Wild Dog

Lycaon pictus

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often about 10–11 years in the wild

ReptiliaVU

Aldabra Giant Tortoise

Aldabrachelys gigantea

Diet: Primarily herbivorous grazer and browser
Wild lifespan: Commonly more than 100 years and potentially around 150 years

MammaliaNE

Alpaca

Vicugna pacos

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Commonly 15–20 years with good care; some live longer

MammaliaLC

Alpine Ibex

Capra ibex

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years in the wild; females may live longer than males

ReptiliaLC

Arizona Coral Snake

Micruroides euryxanthus

Diet: Specialized predator of small reptiles and snakes
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly documented; likely several years or more

MammaliaAnimal group

Baboon

Papio

Diet: Omnivore with plant foods forming most of the diet
Wild lifespan: Species-specific; adults may live 20–30 years

AvesLC

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 4–8 years in the wild, with some much older

ReptiliaLC

Bearded Dragon

Pogona vitticeps

Diet: Omnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 5–8 years in the wild and 10–15 years with excellent captive care

MammaliaEN

Bengal Tiger

Panthera tigris tigris

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years; survival varies

MammaliaLC

Bighorn Sheep

Ovis canadensis

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years for females; males commonly live fewer years

ReptiliaLC

Black Caiman

Melanosuchus niger

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Several decades; precise maximum in the wild is uncertain

ReptiliaLC

Black Mamba

Dendroaspis polylepis

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Possibly 10–15 years in the wild

ReptiliaLC

Black Rat Snake

Pantherophis obsoletus

Diet: Carnivorous constrictor of small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often 10–15 years in the wild; managed individuals may exceed 20 years

ArachnidaAnimal group

Black Widow Spider

Latrodectus

Diet: Carnivore; mostly insects and other arthropods
Wild lifespan: No single genus-wide lifespan; females outlive males in studied species

ReptiliaLC

Black-Headed Python

Aspidites melanocephalus

Diet: Reptile-specialist constrictor
Wild lifespan: Often 20 years or more; managed animals may reach 20–30 years

ReptiliaNE

Black-Throated Monitor

Varanus albigularis microstictus

Diet: Opportunistic predator and scavenger
Wild lifespan: Often 15–20 years in managed care; wild longevity is uncertain

ReptiliaLC

Blue Belly Lizard

Sceloporus occidentalis

Diet: Active hunter of terrestrial invertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often about 4–7 years in the wild, with many young lost earlier

MammaliaLC

Blue Wildebeest

Connochaetes taurinus

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: About 20 years in the wild, with substantial mortality earlier in life

ReptiliaLC

Bredl’s Python

Morelia bredli

Diet: Ambush constrictor of birds and mammals
Wild lifespan: Often 15–25 years in managed care; wild longevity is poorly quantified

ReptiliaLC

Brown Tree Snake

Boiga irregularis

Diet: Opportunistic predator of vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Likely 10–15 years; precise wild longevity is uncertain

ReptiliaLC

Bullsnake

Pituophis catenifer sayi

Diet: Carnivorous constrictor specializing in small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often 12–15 years; individuals in managed care may live longer

MammaliaNT

Bush Dog

Speothos venaticus

Diet: Carnivore specializing in medium-sized vertebrate prey
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is poorly known; captive animals can live more than 10 years