Animals of the World (A to Z)

Browse through our verified wildlife database. Use the letter pills below or search to find any creature.

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ReptiliaVU

Dwarf Crocodile

Osteolaemus tetraspis

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly measured; crocodilians can live for several decades

AvesAnimal group

Eagle

Accipitridae

Diet: Carnivore and scavenger; prey differs by species
Wild lifespan: Species-specific; many large eagles can live for decades

ReptiliaVU

Eastern Box Turtle

Terrapene carolina carolina

Diet: Omnivore; invertebrates, fungi, fruit, vegetation and carrion
Wild lifespan: Often several decades; exceptional individuals may exceed 80 years

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Brown Snake

Pseudonaja textilis

Diet: Carnivore; rodents, lizards, frogs, birds and sometimes other snakes
Wild lifespan: Poorly quantified

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Coral Snake

Micrurus fulvius

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Not reliably quantified

ReptiliaNE

Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake

Crotalus adamanteus

Diet: Carnivore; mainly rabbits, rats, mice, squirrels and birds
Wild lifespan: No dependable species-wide maximum; long-lived for a snake

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Fence Lizard

Sceloporus undulatus

Diet: Primarily insectivorous
Wild lifespan: Average around 4 years; some individuals may live more than 5 years

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Glass Lizard

Ophisaurus ventralis

Diet: Carnivore of invertebrates and small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly known; 4–15 years recorded in managed care

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Hognose Snake

Heterodon platirhinos

Diet: Specialist predator of toads and other small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often estimated at 8–12 years in the wild; longer lives occur in managed care

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Indigo Snake

Drymarchon couperi

Diet: Generalist vertebrate predator with a strong preference for other snakes
Wild lifespan: About 8–12 years in the wild; up to 25 years in managed care

ReptiliaNE

Eastern Rat Snake

Pantherophis alleghaniensis

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often more than 10 years; exact wild maximum varies

ReptiliaLC

Eastern Tiger Snake

Telescopus semiannulatus

Diet: Small-vertebrate predator specializing in lizards
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is poorly known; related cat snakes can live more than a decade in managed care

ReptiliaLC

Egyptian Cobra

Naja haje

Diet: Opportunistic predator of small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often 15–20 years in managed care; wild lifespan is poorly documented

ReptiliaCR

Egyptian Tortoise

Testudo kleinmanni

Diet: Herbivore feeding on desert annuals and perennial plants
Wild lifespan: Several decades; often 30–50 years under suitable managed care

AmphibiaDD

Eiselt's Caecilian

Atretochoana eiselti

Diet: Poorly documented aquatic carnivore
Wild lifespan: Unknown in the wild and in managed care

ActinopterygiiLC

Electric Eel

Electrophorus electricus

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Unknown in the wild; historical captive records for electric eels range roughly 10–22 years

AvesLC

Elf Owl

Micrathene whitneyi

Diet: Mostly insects and other arthropods
Wild lifespan: Oldest known wild record at least 5 years 10 months

ReptiliaNE

Emerald Tree Boa

Corallus caninus

Diet: Arboreal ambush predator of small warm-blooded vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often 15–20 years in managed care; wild lifespan is poorly documented

AvesNT

Emperor Penguin

Aptenodytes forsteri

Diet: Marine carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 15–20 years in the wild

ReptiliaLC

Equatorial Spitting Cobra

Naja sumatrana

Diet: Generalist predator of small vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Often 15–20 years in managed care; wild lifespan is poorly documented

MammaliaEN

Ethiopian Wolf

Canis simensis

Diet: Carnivore, mainly rodent specialist
Wild lifespan: Often eight to ten years in the wild

MammaliaNT

Eurasian Otter

Lutra lutra

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Often 5–10 years in the wild; potentially longer

MammaliaNT

European Hedgehog

Erinaceus europaeus

Diet: Omnivore with an invertebrate-dominated diet
Wild lifespan: Many die young; survivors may live about 4–7 years or longer

MammaliaEN

European Rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Diet: Herbivore and hindgut fermenter
Wild lifespan: Many wild rabbits die in the first year; survivors may live several years

ReptiliaAnimal group

Eyelash Viper

Bothriechis schlegelii species complex

Diet: Small mammals, birds, frogs, lizards, and other suitably sized vertebrates
Wild lifespan: No reliable group-wide figure

ReptiliaLC

False Cobra

Malpolon moilensis

Diet: Active predator of desert vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is poorly quantified; likely more than 10 years for surviving adults

ReptiliaLC

False Coral Snake

Anilius scytale

Diet: Specialist predator of elongated fossorial and aquatic vertebrates
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is unknown; likely more than a decade for surviving adults

MammaliaLC

Fennec Fox

Vulpes zerda

Diet: Omnivore
Wild lifespan: Up to about 10 years in the wild and 11–14 years in expert care

ReptiliaNE

Fer-de-Lance Snake

Bothrops asper

Diet: Ambush predator whose diet shifts from ectotherms to mammals with age
Wild lifespan: Likely 15–20 years in managed care; wild lifespan is poorly quantified

MammaliaAnimal group

Field Mouse

Apodemus

Diet: Omnivore with a seed-rich diet
Wild lifespan: Often less than one year in the wild; some survive longer

MammaliaVU

Fin Whale

Balaenoptera physalus

Diet: Carnivore and filter feeder
Wild lifespan: Commonly 80–90 years, with some individuals living longer

AmphibiaStatus unavailable

Fire Salamander

Salamandra salamandra

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Not recorded

ReptiliaAnimal group

Flying Snake

Chrysopelea

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Not reliably quantified across the genus

MammaliaAnimal group

Flying Squirrel

Pteromyini

Diet: Omnivore
Wild lifespan: Several years in the wild; longer in protected care

ReptiliaLC

Forest Cobra

Naja melanoleuca

Diet: Generalist predator of vertebrates and eggs
Wild lifespan: About 15–20 years commonly reported in managed care; exceptional records exceed 25 years

MammaliaAnimal group

Forest Shrew

Sylvisorex

Diet: Small-invertebrate predator
Wild lifespan: No dependable genus-wide estimate

ReptiliaAnimal group

Fox Snakes

Pantherophis vulpinus and Pantherophis ramspotti

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: No dependable group-wide wild estimate

MammaliaLC

Fox Squirrel

Sciurus niger

Diet: Omnivore, primarily seeds and plant material
Wild lifespan: Many die young; successful adults may live several years and captive records approach 18 years

ReptiliaLC

Freshwater Crocodile

Crocodylus johnstoni

Diet: Opportunistic carnivore centered on fish and aquatic prey
Wild lifespan: Commonly estimated at 40–60 years in the wild, with exact maxima uncertain

ReptiliaLC

Frilled Lizard

Chlamydosaurus kingii

Diet: Insectivore and opportunistic carnivore
Wild lifespan: Wild longevity is poorly measured; managed individuals may live around 10–15 years

ReptiliaLC

Gaboon Viper

Bitis gabonica

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Poorly documented

ReptiliaAnimal group

Galápagos Giant Tortoise

Chelonoidis spp.

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Frequently more than 100 years

ReptiliaAnimal group

Galapagos Tortoise

Chelonoidis niger species complex

Diet: Herbivore
Wild lifespan: Often more than 100 years; exact longevity varies

ReptiliaLC

Gargoyle Gecko

Rhacodactylus auriculatus

Diet: Omnivore
Wild lifespan: Not reliably quantified

ReptiliaAnimal group

Garter Snake

Thamnophis

Diet: Carnivorous, with prey varying strongly among species
Wild lifespan: Different among member species; several can live beyond a decade in protected conditions

ReptiliaAnimal group

Gecko

Gekkota

Diet: Mostly small-animal predators; some species also eat fruit or nectar
Wild lifespan: Species dependent; no reliable group-wide figure

ChondrichthyesEN

Giant Oceanic Manta Ray

Mobula birostris

Diet: Filter-feeding carnivore
Wild lifespan: At least 40–45 years is plausible; exact maximum remains uncertain

MammaliaLC

Giant Otter Shrew

Potamogale velox

Diet: Carnivore
Wild lifespan: Wild lifespan is not reliably established

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